EEG technology can be used for neurofeedback, a technique that allows individuals to self-regulate their brain activity. During neurofeedback sessions, electrodes are placed on the scalp to measure brainwaves, which are then displayed on a monitor or through sound feedback. The individual can observe their brain activity and learn to consciously change it by using various techniques, such as visualization or relaxation. This process can be helpful for individuals with various neurological or psychological conditions, such as ADHD, anxiety, or depression. Neurofeedback has also been shown to improve cognitive performance, including memory, attention, and focus. EEG-based neurofeedback has the advantage of being non-invasive, portable, and customizable, making it a popular tool for both clinical and research settings.
This study aimed to compare electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns in subjects wearing cloth socks embedded with haptic vibrotactile trigger technology with those who wore regular socks. The neuromatrix of pain, which is a network of neuronal pathways and circuits responding to sensory stimulation, was targeted by the technology, and its effects on Brodmann areas associated with pain were examined. The DSI-24 and NeuroGuide software were used to record baseline EEG data from 19 scalp locations in 60 adult subjects. The results showed significant differences in EEG patterns between the two groups, indicating that the technology could potentially be considered a beneficial pain management option for patients.
This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using a BCI system with neurofeedback as an intervention for people with mild Alzheimer’s disease. The study used wearable sensing DSI systems to enroll five adults in a nine to thirteen week EEG-based neurofeedback intervention to improve attention and reading skills. Pre and post assessment measures were used to evaluate the reliability of outcome measures and generalization of treatment to functional reading, processing speed, attention, and working memory skills. Participants demonstrated steady improvement in most cognitive measures across experimental phases, and all participants learned to operate a BCI system with training. The results suggest that NFB-based cognitive measures could be useful in treating mild AD.
The video showcases several customers of the DSI-24 system who use the device for neurofeedback training. The customers express their satisfaction with the ease of use of the system, the quality of the data, and the comfort of the system.
Hu, Yuxia; Wang, Yufei; Zhang, Rui; Hu, Yubo; Fang, Mingzhu; Li, Zhe; Shi, Li; Zhang, Yankun; Zhang, Zhong; Gao, Jinfeng; others,
Assessing stroke rehabilitation degree based on quantitative EEG index and nonlinear parameters Journal Article
In: Cognitive Neurodynamics, pp. 1–9, 2022.
@article{hu2022assessing,
title = {Assessing stroke rehabilitation degree based on quantitative EEG index and nonlinear parameters},
author = {Yuxia Hu and Yufei Wang and Rui Zhang and Yubo Hu and Mingzhu Fang and Zhe Li and Li Shi and Yankun Zhang and Zhong Zhang and Jinfeng Gao and others},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11571-022-09849-4},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-06},
urldate = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Cognitive Neurodynamics},
pages = {1--9},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {The assessment of motor function is critical to the rehabilitation of stroke patients. However, commonly used evaluation methods are based on behavior scoring, which lacks neurological indicators that directly reflect the motor function of the brain. The objective of this study was to investigate whether resting-state EEG indicators could improve stroke rehabilitation evaluation. We recruited 68 participants and recorded their resting-state EEG data. According to Brunnstrom stage, the participants were divided into three groups: severe, moderate, and mild. Ten quantitative electroencephalographic (QEEG) and five non-linear parameters of resting-state EEG were calculated for further analysis. Statistical tests were performed, and the genetic algorithm-support vector machine was used to select the best feature combination for classification. We found the QEEG parameters show significant differences in Delta, Alpha1, Alpha2, DAR, and DTABR (P < 0.05) among the three groups. Regarding nonlinear parameters, ApEn, SampEn, Lz, and C0 showed significant differences (P < 0.05). The optimal feature classification combination accuracy rate reached 85.3%. Our research shows that resting-state EEG indicators could be used for stroke rehabilitation evaluation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lim, Hyunmi; Ku, Jeonghun
Effect of repetitive neurofeedback training on brain activation during hand exercise Conference
2021 9th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), IEEE 2021, ISBN: 978-1-7281-8486-9.
@conference{lim2021effect,
title = {Effect of repetitive neurofeedback training on brain activation during hand exercise},
author = {Hyunmi Lim and Jeonghun Ku},
doi = {10.1109/BCI51272.2021.9385315},
isbn = {978-1-7281-8486-9},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-05},
booktitle = {2021 9th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)},
pages = {1--3},
organization = {IEEE},
abstract = {In this study, we examined that neurofeedback training encouraging to make mu suppression over the motor cortex would effect on the brain activation of the motor cortex while performing hand movements. To investigate the effects of training with neurofeedback, we analyzed the pattern changes of the amount of the mu suppression during real hand movements just after every neurofeedback training. The healthy subjects were trained to increase the motor cortex activity by using motor imagery, specifically maximizing the difference of the mu power between C3 and C4 during neurofeedback training. We have observed that the changes of the mu suppression over the motor cortex become stronger as the neurofeedback training was repeated. These findings further suggest that motor imagery training using neurofeedback can be applied to patients with stroke or chronic neurological disorders.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Arakaki, Xianghong; Lee, Ryan; King, Kevin S; Fonteh, Alfred N; Harrington, Michael G
Alpha desynchronization during simple working memory unmasks pathological aging in cognitively healthy individuals Journal Article
In: PloS one, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. e0208517, 2019.
@article{arakaki2019alpha,
title = {Alpha desynchronization during simple working memory unmasks pathological aging in cognitively healthy individuals},
author = {Xianghong Arakaki and Ryan Lee and Kevin S King and Alfred N Fonteh and Michael G Harrington},
editor = {Stephen D. Ginsberg, Nathan S Kline Institute},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208517},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-02},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {e0208517},
publisher = {Public Library of Science San Francisco, CA USA},
abstract = {Our aim is to explore if cognitive challenge combined with objective physiology can reveal abnormal frontal alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD), in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We used quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) to investigate brain activities during N-back working memory (WM) processing at two different load conditions (N = 0 or 2) in an aging cohort. We studied 60–100 year old participants, with normal cognition, and who fits one of two subgroups from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins: cognitively healthy (CH) with normal amyloid/tau ratio (CH-NAT, n = 10) or pathological amyloid/tau ratio (CH-PAT, n = 14). We recorded behavioral performances, and analyzed alpha power and alpha spectral entropy (SE) at three occasions: during the resting state, and at event-related desynchronization (ERD) [250 ~ 750 ms] during 0-back and 2-back. During 0-back WM testing, the behavioral performance was similar between the two groups, however, qEEG notably differentiated CH-PATs from CH-NATs on the simple, 0-back testing: Alpha ERD decreased from baseline only in the parietal region in CH-NATs, while it decreased in all brain regions in CH-PATs. Alpha SE did not change in CH-NATs, but was increased from baseline in the CH-PATs in frontal and left lateral regions (p<0.01), and was higher in the frontal region (p<0.01) of CH-PATs compared to CH-NATs. The alpha ERD and SE analyses suggest there is frontal lobe dysfunction during WM processing in the CH-PAT stage. Additional power and correlations with behavioral performance were also explored. This study provide pilot information to further evaluate whether this biomarker has clinical significance.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hunter, Aimee M; Nghiem, Thien X; Cook, Ian A; Krantz, David E; Minzenberg, Michael J; Leuchter, Andrew F
In: Clinical EEG and Neuroscience, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 306–315, 2017.
@article{hunter2018change,
title = {Change in quantitative EEG theta cordance as a potential predictor of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation clinical outcome in major depressive disorder},
author = {Aimee M Hunter and Thien X Nghiem and Ian A Cook and David E Krantz and Michael J Minzenberg and Andrew F Leuchter},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1550059417746212},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-12-10},
urldate = {2017-12-10},
journal = {Clinical EEG and Neuroscience},
volume = {49},
number = {5},
pages = {306--315},
publisher = {Sage Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA},
abstract = {Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has demonstrated efficacy in major depressive disorder (MDD), although clinical outcome is variable. Change in the resting-state quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG), particularly in theta cordance early in the course of treatment, has been linked to antidepressant medication outcomes but has not been examined extensively in clinical rTMS. This study examined change in theta cordance over the first week of clinical rTMS and sought to identify a biomarker that would predict outcome at the end of 6 weeks of treatment. Clinically stable outpatients (n = 18) received nonblinded rTMS treatment administered to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Treatment parameters (site, intensity, number of pulses) were adjusted on an ongoing basis guided by changes in symptom severity rating scale scores. qEEGs were recorded at pretreatment baseline and after 1 week of left DLPFC (L-DLPFC) rTMS using a 21-channel dry-electrode headset. Analyses examined the association between week 1 regional changes in theta band (4-8 Hz) cordance, and week 6 patient- and physician-rated outcomes. Theta cordance change in the central brain region predicted percent change in Inventory of Depressive Symptomology–Self-Report (IDS-SR) score, and improvement versus nonimprovement on the Clinical Global Impression–Improvement Inventory (CGI-I) (R2 = .38, P = .007; and Nagelkerke R2 = .78, P = .0001, respectively). The cordance biomarker remained significant when controlling for age, gender, and baseline severity. Treatment-emergent change in EEG theta cordance in the first week of rTMS may predict acute (6-week) treatment outcome in MDD. This oscillatory synchrony biomarker merits further study in independent samples.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Fridman, Igor; Cordeiro, Malaika; Rais-Bahrami, Khodayar; McDonald, Neil J; Jr, James J Reese; Massaro, An N; Conry, Joan A; Chang, Taeun; Soussou, Walid; Tsuchida, Tammy N
Evaluation of dry sensors for neonatal EEG recordings Journal Article
In: Journal of clinical neurophysiology: official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 149, 2016.
@article{fridman2016evaluation,
title = {Evaluation of dry sensors for neonatal EEG recordings},
author = {Igor Fridman and Malaika Cordeiro and Khodayar Rais-Bahrami and Neil J McDonald and James J Reese Jr and An N Massaro and Joan A Conry and Taeun Chang and Walid Soussou and Tammy N Tsuchida},
url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4818163/},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-04-01},
journal = {Journal of clinical neurophysiology: official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society},
volume = {33},
number = {2},
pages = {149},
publisher = {NIH Public Access},
abstract = {Introduction
Neonatal seizures are a common neurologic diagnosis in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), occurring in approximately 14,000 newborns annually in the US. While the only reliable means of detecting and treating neonatal seizures is with an EEG recording, many neonates do not get an EEG or experience delays in getting them. Barriers to obtaining neonatal EEGs include: 1) lack of skilled EEG technologists to apply conventional wet electrodes to delicate neonatal skin, 2) poor signal quality due to improper skin preparation and artifact, 3) extensive time needed to apply electrodes. Dry sensors have the potential to overcome these obstacles but have not been previously evaluated on neonates.
Methods
Sequential and simultaneous recordings with wet and dry sensors were performed for one hour on 27 neonates from 35-42.5 weeks postmenstrual age. Recordings were analyzed for correlation and amplitude, and were reviewed by neurophysiologists. Performance of dry sensors on simulated vernix was examined.
Results
Analysis of dry and wet signals showed good time-domain correlation (reaching >0.8) given the non-superimposed sensor positions, and similar power spectral density curves. Neurophysiologist reviews showed no statistically significant difference between dry and wet data on most clinically-relevant EEG background and seizure patterns. There was no skin injury after 1 hr of dry sensor recordings. In contrast to wet electrodes, impedance and electrical artifact of dry sensors were largely unaffected by simulated vernix.
Conclusions
Dry sensors evaluated in this study have the potential to provide high-quality, timely EEG recordings on neonates with less risk of skin injury.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
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